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液壓缸的介紹

液(ye)(ye)壓缸(gang)是(shi)將液(ye)(ye)壓能轉變(bian)為(wei)機械能的(de)、做直線(xian)往復運(yun)動(dong)（或擺動(dong)運(yun)動(dong)）的(de)液(ye)(ye)壓執行元件。它(ta)結構簡(jian)單、工作可(ke)(ke)(ke)靠。用(yong)它(ta)來實現(xian)往復運(yun)動(dong)時，可(ke)(ke)(ke)免(mian)去減速裝置(zhi)(zhi)，并且沒有(you)傳動(dong)間(jian)隙，運(yun)動(dong)平(ping)穩，因此(ci)在各種機械的(de)液(ye)(ye)壓系統中(zhong)得到廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)。液(ye)(ye)壓缸(gang)輸出力和活(huo)塞(sai)有(you)效(xiao)面積及其兩(liang)邊的(de)壓差(cha)成正(zheng)比；液(ye)(ye)壓缸(gang)基(ji)本(ben)上由(you)缸(gang)筒(tong)和缸(gang)蓋、活(huo)塞(sai)和活(huo)塞(sai)桿、密封裝置(zhi)(zhi)、緩沖裝置(zhi)(zhi)與排氣(qi)裝置(zhi)(zhi)組成。緩沖裝置(zhi)(zhi)與排氣(qi)裝置(zhi)(zhi)視具體應(ying)用(yong)場合而定，冶(ye)金設備(bei)液(ye)(ye)壓缸(gang)生產商，其他裝置(zhi)(zhi)則必不(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)少。

擺動式液壓缸

擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)(shi)液壓(ya)缸(gang)是輸出(chu)扭矩(ju)并實現(xian)往復運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的執行(xing)元件，有單(dan)葉片(pian)(pian)、雙(shuang)葉片(pian)(pian)、螺(luo)(luo)旋擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等幾種(zhong)形式(shi)(shi)。葉片(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)式(shi)(shi)：定子塊固定在缸(gang)體上，而葉片(pian)(pian)和(he)轉子連(lian)接在一起(qi)。根據進油(you)方向，葉片(pian)(pian)將帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉子作(zuo)往復擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。螺(luo)(luo)旋擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)(shi)又分單(dan)螺(luo)(luo)旋擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)雙(shuang)螺(luo)(luo)旋兩種(zhong)，現(xian)在雙(shuang)螺(luo)(luo)旋比(bi)較常用(yong)，靠兩個(ge)螺(luo)(luo)旋副降液壓(ya)缸(gang)內(nei)活塞的直線運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉變為直線運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)與自(zi)轉運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的復he運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，液壓(ya)缸(gang)生產商，從而實現(xian)擺(bai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。

（2）不嚴重的運行磨損痕跡

① 活(huo)塞滑動表(biao)(biao)面的傷(shang)(shang)痕(hen)轉移(yi)活(huo)塞安(an)裝之前(qian)，其滑動表(biao)(biao)面上帶(dai)有傷(shang)(shang)痕(hen)，工程用液壓缸生產商，未(wei)加(jia)處理，原封不動地進行安(an)裝，這些傷(shang)(shang)痕(hen)將(jiang)反過來使缸壁內(nei)表(biao)(biao)面劃傷(shang)(shang)。因此，安(an)裝前(qian)，對這些傷(shang)(shang)痕(hen)必須(xu)做(zuo)充(chong)分的修整。

② 活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)滑動(dong)表(biao)面面壓過(guo)大(da)造成的燒(shao)結現(xian)象因活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)桿自(zi)重作(zuo)用(yong)使(shi)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)傾(qing)斜，出現(xian)別勁現(xian)象，或者由于橫向載荷等的作(zuo)用(yong)，使(shi)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)滑動(dong)表(biao)面的壓力上(shang)升，將(jiang)引起燒(shao)結現(xian)象。在液壓缸設計時必須研究它的工作(zuo)條(tiao)件，對(dui)于活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)和襯套的長度(du)以及間(jian)隙等尺寸(cun)必須加以充(chong)分注意。